Secret Police

The Sovereignty Commission & The State of Mississippi

In the wake of the Supreme Court's decision in Brown versus Board of Education of Topeka, Mississippi's state government felt that segregation was threated by Federal encroachment. Segregation was the legal practice of separating blacks and whites in public life in the Deep South of the United States. 
From 1956 to 1973, the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission enforced segregation from the shadows. The Commission spied on Mississippi residents, American citizens, and promoted segregation across America. The Ku Klux Klan helped.
Socials:
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Sources:
Sov Com Database: https://da.mdah.ms.gov/sovcom/ 
 
Mississippi State Secrets. History Channel. May 2, 2006. Uploaded to YouTube by bayridge53, January 3, 2013. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sz0JFELRwko&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&t=846s&ab_channel=bayridge53 
 
Origin of Names of US States. US Department of the Interior. Indian Affairs. https://www.bia.gov/as-ia/opa/online-press-release/origin-names-us-states 
 
Bureau of Transportation Statistics. US Department of Transportation. Tonnage of Top 50 U.S. Water Ports, Ranked by Total Tons. https://www.bts.gov/content/tonnage-top-50-us-water-ports-ranked-total-tons 
 
The Mississippi/Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB). United States Environmental Protection Agency. https://www.epa.gov/ms-htf/mississippiatchafalaya-river-basin-marb 
 
Mississippi. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Mississippi-state 
 
Soil Resources Areas of Mississippi. Mississippi Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station. Department of Agronomy. D. E. Pettry. May 1977.
 
Treaty of Tordesillas. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Tordesillas
Jun 7, 1494 CE: Treaty of Tordesillas. National Geographic. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/treaty-tordesillas/ 
 
Privateers in the American Revolution. National Park Service. https://www.nps.gov/articles/privateers-in-the-american-revolution.htm#:~:text=A%20Privateer%20Commission%20was%20issued,or%20lightly%20armed%2C%20commercial%20ship 
 
Unboxing Mississippi: What It's Like Living in Mississippi. Nick Johnson. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVKOaT1blLM&list=PLyw95kShWfm_rHz4ZaCyC7PtRRstx6Dx8&index=11&ab_channel=NickJohnson 
 
A Brief History of English Privateers. The Collector. Cale Gressman. May 9, 2023. https://www.thecollector.com/english-privateers/ 
 
Chartered Company. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/money/chartered-company 
 
Virginia Company. Encyclopedia Britanica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Virginia-Company 
 
The Popham Colony of 1607. Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation & Forestry. https://www.maine.gov/dacf/parks/discover_history_explore_nature/history/popham_colony/index.shtml 
 
Price, D. A. (1998, July 20). Pocahontas | Biography, Cultural Legacy, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Pocahontas-Powhatan-princess
 
Price, D. A. (1998, July 20). Jamestown Colony | History, Foundation, Settlement, Map, & Facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Jamestown-Colony/The-Starving-Time-and-near-abandonment-1609-11#ref247839
 
John Rolfe - Historic Jamestowne Part of Colonial National Historical Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2022). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/jame/learn/historyculture/john-rolfe.htm
 
Teach Democracy. (2024). Teachdemocracy.org. https://teachdemocracy.org/bill-of-rights-in-action/bria-15-4-c-laws-of-the-indies-spain-and-the-native-peoples-of-the-new-world#:~:text=The%20Spanish%20conquistadors%2C%20who%20went,conquistadors%20attacked%20and%20slaughtered%20them
 
Brief Biography of William Penn. (2025). Ushistory.org. https://www.ushistory.org/penn/bio.htm#:~:text=King%20Charles%20II%20of%20England,honor%20of%20the%20elder%20Penn
The People Involved in the French and Indian War. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/people-involved-french-and-indian-war#:~:text=The%20Algonquin%2Dspeaking%20people%20largely,with%20the%20Algonquins%20and%20French
 
Yazoo Land Fraud - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2017, June 8). George R. Lamplugh. New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/
 
Progress of the Nation -- 1790 to 1890 by Robert P. Porter, Henry Gannett, and William C. Hunt. For 1890 Census Estimates.
 
Cawthon, W. (2017). Was the South Poor Before the War? – Abbeville Institute. Abbevilleinstitute.org.
https://www.abbevilleinstitute.org/was-the-south-poor-before-the-war/#_ednref20
 
Tonge, P. (1983, March 22). Natchez: in 1850 half of the millionaires in the US lived here. The Christian Science Monitor. https://www.csmonitor.com/1983/0322/032230.html
 
Cotton in a Global Economy: Mississippi (1800-1860) - 2006-10. (2025). Ms.gov. https://www.mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/cotton-in-a-global-economy-mississippi-1800-1860
 
Social and Economic History, 1817–1890. (2017, October 16). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/overviews/social-and-economic-history-1817-1890/
 
Industry and Economy during the Civil War (U.S. National Park Service). (2017). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/articles/industry-and-economy-during-the-civil-war.htm#:~:text=The%20North%20produced%2017%20times,100%20produced%20in%20the%20South.
 
Dunbar-Ortiz, R. (2018, January 18). United States Policing and “Gun Rights” Began With Slave Patrols. Truthout. https://truthout.org/articles/united-states-policing-and-gun-rights-began-with-slave-patrol/#:~:text=By%201704%2C%20the%20South%20Carolina,militia%20rolls%20in%20every%20locale
 
Slave Patrols. (2017, July 11). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/slave-patrols/
 
Trigger Events of the Civil War. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/trigger-events-civil-war
 
Springston, R. (2019, May 23). Fighting myths, misconceptions and misunderstandings about race, slavery and the Civil War • Virginia Mercury. Virginia Mercury. https://virginiamercury.com/2019/05/23/fighting-myths-misconceptions-and-misunderstandings-about-race-slavery-and-the-civil-war/
 
Williams, D. (2020, September 27). Banned Books Week: Maine Authors - First Amendment Museum. First Amendment Museum. https://firstamendmentmuseum.org/banned/
 
John Brown. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/john-brown
 
First Sack of Lawrence. Matthew E. Stanley. Civil War on the Western Border. (2024). Civilwaronthewesternborder.org. https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/first-sack-lawrence
 
Capital-Star Guest Contributor. (2020, March 2). Here’s 15 things you didn’t know about the “Dred Scott” decision | Opinion • Pennsylvania Capital-Star. Pennsylvania Capital-Star. https://penncapital-star.com/civil-rights-social-justice/heres-15-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-dred-scott-decision-opinion/#:~:text=2
 
Dred Scott v. Sandford. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved March 27, 2025, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393
 
The Election of 1860. (2025). Tulane.edu. https://www2.tulane.edu/~sumter/Background/BackgroundElection.html
 
War Declared: States Secede from the Union! - Kennesaw Mountain National Battlefield Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2023). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/kemo/learn/historyculture/wardeclared.htm
 
Gienapp, W. E. (2025). Abraham Lincoln and the Border States. Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association, 13(1). http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.2629860.0013.104
 
Civil War Trail Map Guides & Mobile App. (2025). VisitMaryland.org. https://www.visitmaryland.org/article/civil-war-history
 
Mississippi Soldiers in the Civil War - 2009-04. (2025). Ms.gov. https://mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/mississippi-soldiers-in-the-civil-war
 
The South During the Civil War | Civil War and Reconstruction, 1861-1877 | U.S. History Primary Source Timeline | Classroom Materials at the Library of Congress | Library of Congress. (2015). The Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/classroom-materials/united-states-history-primary-source-timeline/civil-war-and-reconstruction-1861-1877/south-during-the-civil-war/
 
Cornerstone Contributions: Investing in the Confederacy: The Role of Bonds in Funding the Confederacy. (2023, May 25). DHR. https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/blog-posts/cornerstone-contributions-investing-in-the-confederacy-the-role-of-bonds-in-funding-the-confederacy/#:~:text=The%20Confederate%20government%20turned%20to,(Weidenmier%201993%3A2)
 
Post, E. G. (2021, July 29). The Economic Challenges of the Confederacy - Emerging Civil War. Emerging Civil War. https://emergingcivilwar.com/2021/07/29/the-economic-challenges-of-the-confederacy/
 
Reconstruction. (2017, July 11). Mississippi Encyclopedia. Mississippi Encyclopedia. https://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/reconstruction/
 
Black Codes. (2025). American Battlefield Trust. https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/black-codes
Mississippi Black Code, 1865 | The American Yawp Reader. (2016). Americanyawp.com. https://www.americanyawp.com/reader/reconstruction/mississippi-black-code-1865/#:~:text=South%20Carolina%20and%20Mississippi%20passed,also%20denied%20other%20fundamental%20rights
 
U.S. Constitution - Fourteenth Amendment | Resources | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress. (2025). Congress.gov. https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-14/
 
U.S. Constitution - Fifteenth Amendment | Resources | Constitution Annotated | Congress.gov | Library of Congress. (2025). Congress.gov. https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-15/
 
Ku Klux Klan in the Reconstruction Era - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2020, August 12). New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/ku-klux-klan-in-the-reconstruction-era/
 
Fedell, V. A. (2022, December 16). VICKSBURG FACTS: The bloody steps to the Vicksburg Massacre - The Vicksburg Post. The Vicksburg Post. https://www.vicksburgpost.com/2022/12/16/vicksburg-facts-the-bloody-steps-to-the-vicksburg-massacre/
 
The End of Reconstruction - Vicksburg National Military Park (U.S. National Park Service). (2024). Nps.gov. https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/the-end-of-reconstruction.htm#:~:text=White%20Democrats%20took%20control%20of,1877%20that%20made%20Rutherford%20B
 
Emmett Till | Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2016). Federal Bureau of Investigation. https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/emmett-till
 
Graball Landing | Emmett Till. (2024). Emmett Till. https://www.emmett-till.org/graball-landing
 
Mississippi Burning | Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2019). Federal Bureau of Investigation. https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/mississippi-burning
 
Man convicted of 3 killing civil rights workers dies in jail. (2018, January 13). AP News. https://apnews.com/article/3d82e778b5d643088268c3214ae904f8
 
Media, C. (2011, September 9). The Case of the Supposedly Sealed Files—And What They Revealed - Nieman Reports. Nieman Reports. https://niemanreports.org/the-case-of-the-supposedly-sealed-files-and-what-they-revealed/#:~:text=But%20then%20there%20was%20the,to%20see%20them%20until%202027
 
Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education. (2023, April 25). Bureau of Labor Statistics. https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes252031.htm
 
Taft, I. (2024, November 7). Jackson Mayor Chokwe Antar Lumumba Is Indicted on Federal Corruption Charges. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/07/us/jackson-mayor-indicted-federal-corruption.html
 
Dred Scott v. Sandford. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved March 27, 2025, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/60us393
 
Yazoo Land Fraud - New Georgia Encyclopedia. (2017, June 8). New Georgia Encyclopedia. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/yazoo-land-fraud/
 
Pottawatomie Massacre | Civil War on the Western Border. (2024). Civilwaronthewesternborder.org. https://civilwaronthewesternborder.org/encyclopedia/pottawatomie-massacre
 
Trouble Brews in Mississippi. British Pathe. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80Fo4AWaXis&ab_channel=BritishPath%C3%A9
Music:
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by Media Music Group
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Bones - Quirky and mysterious plucked strings. Murder mystery and gothic mood by Gerardo 
Final Speech by Humans Win
Discovery of Lost Worlds by Humans Win
On the Edge of War Jon Presstone
Mississippi Ridin’ Son by Yagull Music
Suspenseful Piano Documentary Music Trailer by Media Music Group
 
Sound FX:
Storyblocks
Special thanks to KFW Youtube channel:
https://www.youtube.com/@kyfirearms

Chile's DINA & Augusto Pinochet

It's said that there were three sources of power in Chile: God, Pinochet, and DINA. The DINA was Chile's secret police from 1973 to 1977 in the early years of the Pinochet dictatorship. They were often compared to the Gestapo or the KGB by American intelligence. 
La Dirección de Inteligencia Nacional (DINA) was the regime’s iron fist that kidnapped, brutalized, butchered, and disappeared thousands of people inside Chile. Under the guidance of director Manuel Contreras, the DINA also launched terror campaigns in the United States, Europe, and Chile’s neighbors. DINA answered to Pinochet only and in many ways superseded the armed forces.
Socials:
IG: @secretpolicepodcast
X: hush_popo
Gmail: secretpolicepodcast@gmail.com
 
Sources: 
The Pinochet Files: a declassified dossier on atrocity and accountability. Peter Kornbluh. 2013.
 
The Condor Years: how Pinochet and his allies brought terrorism to three continents. John Dinges. 2004.
 
Geography Now! Chile. Geography Now! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8P4Hi99hUJc&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=7&ab_channel=GeographyNow 
 
Why is the Atacama Desert called the “Driest Desert in the World”? Tierra Atacama. January 29, 2021. https://tierraatacama.com/journal/why-is-the-atacama-desert-called-the-driest-desert-in-the-world/ 
 
The world’s ten largest copper mines. Mining Technology. June 18, 2024. https://www.mining-technology.com/marketdata/ten-largest-coppers-mines/?cf-view 
 
Which countries produce the most copper? World Economic Forum. December 12, 2022. https://www.weforum.org/stories/2022/12/which-countries-produce-the-most-copper/ 
 
World Factbook. Chile. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Updated January 15, 2025. https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/chile/#people-and-society 
 
Biotec-LATAM. Chile. https://biotec-latam.com/en/countries/chile 
 
Chile - Country Commercial Guide. International Trade Administration. Updated December 7, 2023. https://www.trade.gov/country-commercial-guides/chile-agricultural-sector 
 
Pisco Sour. Liquor.com. November 13, 2020. https://www.liquor.com/recipes/pisco-sour/  
 
The San Antonio, Both the Gem and the Rogue of Magellan’s Fleet. John Sailors. Medium. June 19, 2022. https://johnsailors.medium.com/the-san-antonio-both-the-gem-and-the-rogue-of-magellans-fleet-79d8f19f01d4#:~:text=The%20San%20Antonio%20was%20the,a%20price%20of%20330%2C000%20maravedis. 
 
A Super Quick History of Chile. Mr History. November 4, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9na4XyC3-4&ab_channel=MrHistory 
 
Ferdinand Magellan - First Circumnavigation of the Earth. Simple History. February 9, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylwiOLab5AA&ab_channel=SimpleHistory 
 
The Germans in Chile: Immigration and Colonization, 1849-1914. By Young, George F. W.. New York, 1974. Center for Migration Studies. Maps. Tables. Figures. Appendices. Bibliography. Index. Pp.  xi,  234. Paper.
 
Chile - History, Geography, Economy and Culture. Geodiode. January 31, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGfBc4N86mA&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=6&ab_channel=Geodiode 
 
General Augusto Pinochet - General & Dictator of Chile Documentary. The People Profiles. August 5, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NhOjb_MYueo&list=PLyw95kShWfm8YA_28vi9Z__aac61xES84&index=3&ab_channel=ThePeopleProfiles 
 
Real Dictators. Pinochet Part 1: An Arrest in London. Noiser. August 27, 2024. 
 
History of Chile. Encyclopedia Britannica. Paul W. Drake & John J. Johnson. https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Chile 
 
Brief Life History of Augusto José Ramón. FamilySearch. https://ancestors.familysearch.org/en/LZR7-7NL/augusto-jos%C3%A9-ram%C3%B3n-pinochet-ugarte-1915-2006 
 
What is nitrate?. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). https://www.epa.gov/mn/what-nitrate#:~:text=Nitrate%20(NO3)%20is%20a%20compound,fertilizers%20for%20crops%20and%20lawns. 
 
Brief Political History of Chile. Crónica Panamericana. December 4, 2020. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gsWDarMiVCw&ab_channel=Cr%C3%B3nicaPanamericana 
 
History of our constitutions. Hagamos Historia. Educatión Civica Constitucional. Ministry Secretary General of the Government. https://www.gob.cl/hagamoshistoria/en/timeline/ 
 
Chile Under Pinochet: Recovering the Truth by Mark Ensalaco. November 15, 1999.
 
The Van Buren Hospital in the history of Chile by Carlos Astudillo. 2014. https://hekint.org/2017/02/22/the-van-buren-hospital-in-the-history-of-chile/ 
 
María Verónica Pinochet renuncia a herencia de su madre Lucía Hiriart by Cristián Meza. June 9, 2023. https://www.eldinamo.cl/pais/2023/06/09/maria-veronica-pinochet-renuncia-a-herencia-de-su-madre-lucia-hiriart/ 
 
Intelligence Memorandum/ Chile: Allende’s Economic Record. Central Intelligence Agency Office of Economic Research. April 1972. Sanitized Copy released on September 23, 2011. 
 
Friedman, Jeremy, John Masko, and Jingyu Liu. "Copper Nationalization in Chile." Harvard Business School Case 722-016, March 2022.
 
Salvador Allende. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Salvador-Allende
 
The Case of Chile. Rodrigo Caputo and Diego Saravia. January 2019. Macro Finance Research Program. Becker Friedman Institute. University of Chicago. 
 
Salvador Allende. Last Words to the Nation. https://www.marxists.org/archive/allende/1973/september/11.htm 
 
Biglaiser, Glen. (2002). The Internationalization of Chicago's Economics in Latin America. Economic Development and Cultural Change. 50. 269-86. 10.1086/322875. 
 
Milton Friedman. The Library of Economics and Liberty. https://www.econlib.org/library/Enc/bios/Friedman.html  
 
Point Four Program. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Point-Four-Program 
 
Pinochet's German godfather by Wilfried Huismann. March 9, 2023. Tagesschau. https://www.tagesschau.de/investigativ/wdr/chile-pinochet-diktatur-nazis-rauff-100.html 
 
The Assassination of Chilean Ambassador Orlando Letelier: The FBI Files | Retold. 
Retold - Documentaries & Reconstructions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnwAGLpuRiY&ab_channel=Retold-Documentaries%26Reconstructions 
Orlando Letelier. Frederick Shepherd. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/money/Orlando-Letelier 
 
In Memoriam, Ronni Moffitt. JewishCurrents. September 21, 2012. https://jewishcurrents.org/september-21-in-memoriam-ronni-moffitt 
 
Augusto Pinochet. John Simkin. Spartacus Educational. September 1997 (updated January 2020). https://spartacus-educational.com/COLDpinochet.htm 
 
It became an obsession’: the long search for the remains of Pinochet’s victims.John Bartlett in Calama Mon. September 11, 2023. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/11/long-search-remains-pinochet-victims-chile-coup 
Chile’s 1988 Plebiscite and the End of Pinochet’s Dictatorship. The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training. https://adst.org/2014/11/chiles-1988-plebiscite-and-the-end-of-pinochets-dictatorship/ 
 
Insurers’ response to riots in Chile reflects a broader trend. Juan Pablo Covarrubias V.  October 26, 2021. https://global.lockton.com/gb/en/news-insights/insurers-response-to-riots-in-chile-reflects-a-broader-trend  
 
Chile: Pinochet Money-Laundering Exposed: U.S. Senate Investigation Uncovers Secret Bank Accounts. Human Rights Watch. March 16, 2005. https://www.hrw.org/news/2005/03/16/chile-pinochet-money-laundering-exposed 
 
The Complicated Legacy of the “Chicago Boys” in Chile. Daniel Matamala. September 21, 2021. Promarket. https://www.promarket.org/2021/09/12/chicago-boys-chile-friedman-neoliberalism/ 
 
GOLDSMITH WEIL, Jael. Milk Makes State: The Extension and Implementation of Chile's State Milk Programs, 1901-1971. Historia (Santiago) [online]. 2017, vol.50, n.1 [citado  2025-02-14], pp.79-104.
 
Lucía Hiriart, Powerful Wife of Chile’sDictator, Dies at 98. John Bartlett. December 19, 2021. New York Times.
 
Music:
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Kalahari Wind by Humans Win
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Andante Sostenuto piano solo classical by Raighes Factory
Tension in the Dark by Jon Presstone 
Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory
Bones - Quirky and mysterious plucked strings. Murder mystery and gothic mood by Gerardo Garcia Jr
Shake It and Break It (Weary Blues) by Humans Win
Old Money Old Problems by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
 
Sound FX:
Storyblocks
WexFlex Music
SoundEffectsFactory
Project Soundbox
Bengi Sounds
Sound Effect Database
 
WEBQ (Who Else But Quagmire)Historical Aviation Film Unit
Pepe truelo
Played N Faved - Sound Effects & Stock Footage
Coffee Spill
Foley Sounds Effects
Attractive Sounds
 
Disclaimers: scenes are dramatizations and probably didn’t actually happen in that way. For example, Pinochet was not at La Moneda during the coup. The opening scene is not a real scenario involving Carter Cornick.
 

Congo's Force Publique & King Leopold II

If greed were a person he would be Belgian monarch, King Leopold II. In this episode, we will explore the incredibly dark history of the Congo region in Central Africa. Congo has a history of exploitation by European colonizers and extractive industries. The worst of these predators was King Leopold II whose need to secure a colony for Belgium drove the him to deceive the international community for decades.
His deception was a cover for his quest to create wealth for his own fortune and for Belgium at the cost of an estimated many millions of lives. Leopold’s personal property, the Congo Free State, utilized the barbaric services of The Force Publique, a secret police force that terrorized the Congolese people.
 
Socials:
IG @secretpolicepodcast
X hush_popo
Gmail secretpolicepodcast@gmail.com
Sources:
Geography Now. Geography Now! CONGO (Democratic republic). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD3ZFQ62Vxc&ab_channel=GeographyNow
 
The Kongo Kingdom. Infographics Africa. The Rise and Fall of the Kingdom of Kongo: Tales of Three Kings. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z73ievjudi8&ab_channel=InfographicsAfrica 
The Kingdom of Kongo. Step Back. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8DmKlw1jcA&ab_channel=StepBack 
 
Congo River Basin. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/place/Congo-Basin 
 
 Congo: The Epic History of a People by David Van Reybrouck. (2015). 
 
The Kongo kingdom: Long-standing diplomatic and trade connections with Europe. The Africa Museum. https://www.africamuseum.be/en/discover/history_articles/kongo-kingdom 
 
Revising the Population History of the Kingdom of Kongo by John K. Thornton. The Journal of African History (July 2021).
 
The Miserable Story of The Congo. Hoser. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4INpgF4YPhA&ab_channel=hoser 
 
Berlin Conference of 1884–1885. Encyclopedia of Africa. Henry Louis Gates, Jr. and Kwame Anthony Appiah. https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780195337709.001.0001/acref-9780195337709-e-0467 
Why is Belgium a country? - History of Belgium in 11 Minutes. Knowledgia. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cxEySPSUcXs&t=42s&ab_channel=Knowledgia 
Encyclopedia Britannica. Leopold I. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leopold-I-king-of-Belgium 
 
The History Behind the ‘Victoria’ in Victoria’s Secret. Time Magazine. Merrill Fabry. https://time.com/4140242/victorias-secret-fashion-show-history/ 
 
A Habsburg Tragedy – Crown Prince Rudolf by Judith Hare. (1978). 
 
Association Internationale Africaine. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Association-Internationale-Africaine 
 
Henry Morton Stanley. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Henry-Morton-Stanley 
 
A Brief History of The Scramble For Africa. A. J. Merrick. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PzF88HBlAHY&t=358s&ab_channel=A.J.Merrick 
 
What Each Nation Wanted From the Scramble for Africa. Vologda Mapping. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygUZ7K-0nVY&t=70s&ab_channel=VologdaMapping 
 
How did Italy Lose to Ethiopia? (1895) | Animated History. The Armchair Historian. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Hln0GjuUQk&ab_channel=TheArmchairHistorian 
 
The Berlin Conference (1884 - 1885). Logic Owl. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vO3-SNpCbSo&t=76s&ab_channel=LogicOwl 
 
Perspectives in History podcast. Congo Free State. Willem Conner
 
King Leopold's ghost : a story of greed, terror, and heroism in colonial Africa by Adam Hochschild. 2002.
 
The 10 richest royal families in Europe, ranked by Hillary Hoffower. Business Insider. October 21, 2019. https://www.businessinsider.com/royal-family-net-worth-europe-ranked-2018-5#4-queen-elizabeth-ii-england-7 
 
A coffee for the crown: The cost and worth of the Belgian Monarchy. Rita Alves. July 21, 2024. The Brussels Times. https://www.brusselstimes.com/1143977/a-coffee-for-the-crown-the-cost-and-worth-of-the-belgian-monarchy 
 
Bureau of Labor Statistics Inflation Calculator. https://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm 
 
Weinstein, Barbara. The Amazon Rubber Boom, 1850-1920. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1983.
 
Dean, Warren. Brazil and the Struggle for Rubber: A Study in Environmental History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
The International Natural Rubber Market, 1870-1930. Zephyr Frank, Stanford University and Aldo Musacchio, Ibmec São Paulo. Overview of the Rubber Market, 1870-1930. https://eh.net/encyclopedia/the-international-natural-rubber-market-1870-1930/ 
 
Armies of East Africa. Peter Abbott. 2009
 
Shaw, Bryant P. Force Publique, Force Unique: The Military in the Belgian Congo, 1914 - 1939. 
 
Constitution de la Belgique, decretre par le Congre National, le 7 Fevrier 1831. 
 
1831 Belgian Constitution. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Belgium_1831 
 
Geographic Support Project. Republic of the Congo Tribal Summaries. Central Intelligence Agency. October 1964.
 
The Atrocities of The Congo Free State. Disturbing History. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=psjI29dUqhs&ab_channel=DisturbanHistory 
 
AmericaBestHistory. BRUSSELS, BELGIUM 1897 Exposition Internationale de Bruxelles. https://americasbesthistory.com/wfbrussels1897.html 
 
Historical currency converter (test version 1.0). https://www.historicalstatistics.org/Currencyconverter.html 
 
The human zoo of Tervuren (1897). Royal Museum for Central Africa. https://www.africamuseum.be/en/discover/history_articles/the_human_zoo_of_tervuren_1897#:~:text=At%20the%20instigation%20of%20King,like%20animals%20in%20a%20zoo. 
 
The Rulers of Belgian Africa, 1884–1914 by Lewis H. Gann & Peter Duignan (1979). 
 
Commonwealth War Graves. The final hour: The end of the First World War in Africa. 21 November 23, 2023. https://www.cwgc.org/our-work/blog/the-final-hour-the-end-of-the-first-world-war-in-africa/#:~:text=The%20East%20African%20Campaign%20ww1&text=Compared%20with%20the%20confined%20trench,many%20different%20climates%20and%20terrains
 
Violence and Colonial Order: Police, Workers and Protest in the European Colonial Empires, 1918–1940 by Martin Thomas. 2012.
 
UNHCR CDR Background Paper on Refugees and Asylum Seekers from Rwanda by the Centre for Documentation and Research. UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). December 1, 1998.
 
Democratic Republic of the Congo: Industrial mining of cobalt and copper for rechargeable batteries is leading to grievous human rights abuses. Amnesty International. September 12, 2023. 
 
Department of Energy's Office of History and Heritage Resources. Major sources consulted include the following: Richard G. Hewlett and Oscar E. Anderson, Jr., The New World, 1939-1946: Volume I, A History of the United States Atomic Energy Commission (Washington: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, 1972), 17, 23, 26, 65, 285-88, 291-92; Vincent C. Jones, Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb, United States Army in World War II (Washington: Center of Military History, United States Army, 1988), 62-65, 79-80, 286-287, 292-311; Robert Bothwell, Eldorado: Canada's National Uranium Company (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1984), 3-8, 38-77, 119-44.
 
Hazardous Substance Fact Sheet. New Jersey Department of Health. May 1998. Revised June 2005.
ASKING BELGIANS HOW THEY FEEL ABOUT KING LEOPOLD II. Eric Osa. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fstVjSdw9oc&list=PLyw95kShWfm_ydGobR4a6uDkyd7BIur1o&index=11&ab_channel=EricOsa 
 
Digital 2024: The Democratic Republic of the Congo by Simon Kemp. February 23, 2024. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-democratic-republic-of-the-congo#:~:text=The%20DRC's%20internet%20penetration%20rate,January%202023%20and%20January%202024. 
 
Congo (DRC) Country Profile – Military / Security by by COL L. Bortoluzzi Garcia. Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute. Army War College. September 13, 2020.
 
History and renovation. Africa Museum. https://www.africamuseum.be/en/about_us/history_renovation 
 
(1890) George Washington Williams’s Open Letter to King Leopold on the Congo. https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/primary-documents-global-african-history/george-washington-williams-open-letter-king-leopold-congo-1890/ 
 
Belgium/Democratic Republic of the Congo Trade. The Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). 2022. https://oec.world/en/profile/bilateral-country/bel/partner/cod 
 
Belgium and DR Congo: working together for the future. Federal Public Service Foreign Affairs, Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation. July 4, 2022. https://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/policy/policy-areas/highlighted/belgium-and-dr-congo-working-together-future 
 
How did Patrice Lumumba die? Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/story/how-did-patrice-lumumba-die 
Music:
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Kalahari Wind by Humans Win
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Andante Sostenuto piano solo classical by Raighes Factory
Tension in the Dark by Jon Presstone 
Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory
Bones - Quirky and mysterious plucked strings. Murder mystery and gothic mood by Gerardo Garcia Jr
Shake It and Break It (Weary Blues) by Humans Win
Love of God Cello by SBA
 
Disclaimers: NO AI was used to write or edit the contents of the show.The opening scene is an excerpt from George Washington Williams' Open Letter to King Leopold IIJanuary 15, 2024 changed the opening scene.

Iran's SAVAK & Mohammad Reza Shah

In 1921, Reza Khan rose to power with the help of the British government. He led a modernization of Persia, insisting the international community refer to his country as Iran. His son, Mohammad Reza Shah, inherited the throne in 1941.
The Shah expanded his authority using a violent secret police force called SAVAK. They terrorized the Iranian people and preyed on Iranians abroad. They helped enforced the Shah's rule, even as his White Revolution displaced rural communities and alienated Shia clergy. Decades-long economic exploitation and authoritarian repression ignited a series of phases leading to the 1979 Islamic Revolution.
 
Substack: Secret Police Podcast
YouTube: Secret Police Podcast
Instagram: @secretpolicepodcast
X/Twitter: @hush_popo
 
Sources:
 
1979 Iranian Revolution, Explained | Last Persian Shah. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FXlHxrBJoik&ab_channel=Timeline-WorldHistoryDocumentaries 
 
Geography Now! Iran. Geography Now. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xQM4Zy5zIk&ab_channel=GeographyNow 
 
Top pistachio producing countries
https://nazari-pistachio.com/articles/top-pistachio-producers/#:~:text=The%20US%2C%20Iran%2C%20and%20Turkey,respectively%20in%20the%20market%20share. 
 
Top Saffron Producer Countries. https://agromedbotanic.com/saffron-producer-countries/
 
A Super Quick History of Iran. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0sTf1FIxnJs&ab_channel=MrHistory 
 
The Background of Human Rights. https://www.youthforhumanrights.org/course/lesson/background-of-human-rights/the-background-of-human-rights.html 
 
Zoroastrianism Explained. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hl9QgeHdKYk&ab_channel=Cogito 
 
Shia-Sunni split:
Shia and Sunni: Understanding different Muslim interpretations
https://the.ismaili/global/news/features/shia-and-sunni-understanding-different-muslim-interpretations 
 
Muslim Schism: How Islam Split into the Sunni and Shia Branches. Kings & Generals. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-85dXjgMiSU&ab_channel=KingsandGenerals 
 
Muslim Populations
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2009/10/07/mapping-the-global-muslim-population/ 
THE FUTURE OF WORLD RELIGIONS: POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONS, 2010-2050 Appendix C: Defining the Religious Groups (DM me if you want the PDF).
 
Fath-Ali Shah’s descendants. Joseph M. Upton, The History of Modern Iran: An Interpretation. Contributors: – Author. Publisher: Harvard University Press. Place of publication: Cambridge, 1960, p.4 
 
The history of the oil and gas industry from 347 AD to today. Umar Ali. https://www.offshore-technology.com/comment/history-oil-gas/?cf-view 
 
Evolution of a Drilling Rig. https://energyhq.com/2017/02/evolution-of-a-drilling-rig/ 
 
Australian Dictionary of Biography. William Knox D'Arcy (1849–1917) by David Carment. https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/darcy-william-knox-5882 
 
Great British Pound inflation calculator. Bank of England. https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/monetary-policy/inflation/inflation-calculator 
 
1941 Invasion of Iran - Regime Change WWII-Style. Mark Felton Productions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-McQMJvaZbk
 
The Persian Coup 1921 And The British Thirst For Oil. The Great War. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RX3V9wgOTOA&t=82s 
 
The French Mandate. https://www.britannica.com/place/Syria/The-French-mandate 
 
The Shah by Abbas Milani. January 2011.
 
History of Iran. Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi. Iran Chamber Society. https://www.iranchamber.com/history/mohammad_rezashah/mohammad_rezashah.php 
 
Anderson, Jack; Les Whitten (11 July 1975). "CIA: Shah of Iran a dangerous ally". St. Petersburg Times. Washington. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
 
Operation Ajax: CIA Oil Coup in Iran - COLD WAR. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RbEKMMtfujc&ab_channel=TheColdWar 
 
Oil Profit distribution. All the Shah's Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror by Stephen Kinzer. 2003. 
 
Operation Ajax | TAKEN HOSTAGE | AMERICAN EXPERIENCE | PBS. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xceDBZeolIM&ab_channel=AmericanExperience%7CPBS 
 
Manticore Mythology. Paleothea by Alilia Athena. https://paleothea.com/mythical-creatures/manticore-mythology/ 
 
Tortured Confessions by Ervand Abrahamian. 1999. 
 
The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East by Robert Fisk. 2005.
 
Shah of Shahs by Ryszard Kapuściński. 1982.
 
Censorship. https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/censorship-sansur-in-persia 
 
White Revolution. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/White-Revolution
The Unthinkable Revolution by Charles Kurzman. 2004.
 
The Mystery Letter That Triggered The Iranian Revolution. Radio Farda. https://en.radiofarda.com/a/iran-taheri-on-iranian-revolution-mystery-letter-shah/29754850.html 
 
A message to the friends of the Iranian people across the Middle East. Reza Pahlavi. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z64L7DUi9jo&ab_channel=RezaPahlavi 
 
2500-year celebration of the Persian Empire. Persepolis, Iran. October 1971. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8VSaqhXuV7Q&ab_channel=CultureTube 
 
The New American Bible. Saint Joseph Edition. The Book of Ezra Chapter 1 verses 1-4. July 1970.
Islamic Revolution International Center. http://iricenter.org/ 
 
Note: The Recap section was written with the assistance of ChatGPT-4.
 
Music: 
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Kalahari Wind by Humans Win
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Eye Of The Storm (Feat. Cicely Parnas) - Instrumental Version
Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory
 
 
 

Japan's Kempeitai & Unit 731

We’ve heard about a lot of evil on Secret Police, but the actions of the Kempeitai and the wider Imperial Japanese Army are particularly poignant for their brutality and the extent to which violence prevails if you believe your enemy is inhuman.
Who were the Kempeitai?
How did the Kempeitai develop out of Japan’s long military history?
What were the Kempeitai’s connections to both German and Russian secret police?
What was the level of the Kempeitai’s involvement in various atrocities in China?Thank you all for supporting this show!
Sources:
 
Kempeitai: Japan's Dreaded Military Police by Raymond Lamont-Brown (1998).
What Are The Major Natural Resources Of Japan? By Sophy Owour. https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-are-the-major-natural-resources-of-japan.html
 
The Dawn Empire | Animated History of Japan. Suibhne. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Zwi3XXLci8&list=PLyw95kShWfm_JqDRyLAxEAob74zWH-BI2&index=4&ab_channel=Suibhne
 
Origin of the Samurai | History of Japan 5. Linfamy. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6xgz4p2d60&ab_channel=Linfamy
 
How Europeans Tried to End Japanese Isolation - Colonialism DOCUMENTARY. Kings and Generals. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFJRc6jYOaI&ab_channel=KingsandGenerals
 
Feature History - First Sino-Japanese War. Feature History. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdWY8aWxNL4&t=615s&ab_channel=FeatureHistory
 
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria | 3 Minute History. Jabzy. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_sdkbYWiww&ab_channel=Jabzy
 
WW2 - Second Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1941. Eastory. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mTkRBg2Dwz0&ab_channel=Eastory
 
THE NANJING MASSACRE - DOCUMENTARY OF THE RAPE OF NANKING. History of China. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_CAYFxXBohA&t=2s&ab_channel=HistoryofChina
 
The Most Disturbing Human Experiment Ever. Wendigoon. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRwCNiWuUpQ&ab_channel=Wendigoon
 
Meiji and Taishō Japan: An Introductory Essay. University of Colorado Boulder. https://www.colorado.edu/ptea-curriculum/becoming-modern/meiji-and-taisho-japan-introductory-essay#:~:text=By%20the%201920s%2C%20things%20had,member%20of%20the%20international%20community.
 
H-057-2: I-400 and Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night: Japanese Plan for Biological Warfare – September 1945. Naval History and Heritage Command. https://www.history.navy.mil/about-us/leadership/director/directors-corner/h-grams/h-gram-057/h-057-2.html
 
Daniel Barenblat, A plague upon humanity, 2004.
 
Sheldon Harris, Factories of Death, 2002.
 
Japan’s Infamous Unit 731 by Hal Gol. 2004.
 
The Unspeakable Things That Happened In Unit 731. A Day in History. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BpKixUKbU8&ab_channel=ADayInHistory
 
General Ishii Shiro: His Legacy is That of Genius and Madman General Ishii Shiro: His Legacy is That of Genius and Madman Gregory Dean Byrd East Tennessee State University. May 2005.
 
 
The Path to Pearl Harbor.The National WWII Museum of New Orleans.
 
Unit 731 by Avani Sihra. Atomic Heritage Foundation.
 
Remembering Pearl Harbor, A Pearl Harbor Fact Sheet. US Census. https://www.census.gov/history/pdf/pearl-harbor-fact-sheet-1.pdf
 
Japanese announcement of the attack at Pearl Harbor, 1941. THE GILDER LEHRMAN INSTITUTE OF AMERICAN HISTORY. https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/japanese-announcement-attack-pearl-harbor-1941#:~:text=In%20January%201941%2C%20Admiral%20Isoroku,tensions%20with%20the%20United%20States.
Encyclopedia Britanica:
Iva Toguri D'Aquino. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Iva-Toguri-DAquino
Hideki Tojo. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Tojo-Hideki
Counting the dead at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. https://thebulletin.org/2020/08/counting-the-dead-at-hiroshima-and-nagasaki/
 
Tojo The Last Banzai by Courtney Browne. 1998.
 
About the B-25 History Project. https://b-25history.org/history/carrier.htm#:~:text=Most%20everyone%20knows%20that%20on,of%20the%20CV%2D8%20U.S.%20S.
 
Hideki Tojo -The Face of Japanese Militarism in WWII. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecRuPE-PzVE&ab_channel=Biographics
 
Second Sino-Japanese War
https://www.britannica.com/event/Second-Sino-Japanese-War
 
Bushido’s Eight Virtues. https://www.themartialway.com.au/bushidos-eight-virtues/
 
More on Bushido
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bushido
 
What Japanese history lessons leave out By Mariko Oi. BBC. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-21226068  
 
 
Music:
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Kalahari Wind by Humans Win
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Exploring The Possibility by Jon Presstone
Eye Of The Storm (Feat. Cicely Parnas) - Instrumental Version

Bonus Episode! The Fingermen

V for Vendetta is a graphic novel written by Alan Moore and illustrated by David Llyod.
The story shows a bleak future where the United Kingdom is run by a totalitarian government run by a political party called Norsefire. A masked vigilante known simply as "V" is bent on sparking a revolution, driven by a vendetta against those in the government that subjected him and his country to repression and terror. V orchestrates a series of symbolic attacks, picking off government officials in an effort to inspire resistance. Evey Hammond gets caught up in V’s schemes when she’s rescued from Norsefire's secret police, The Fingermen.Thank you for listening!
YouTube - please subscribe! :D
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsC0ajH6e2ko0wYGEhklbog
Socials
https://www.instagram.com/secretpolicepodcast/
 
Patreon
https://www.patreon.com/SecretPolicePodcast 
 
Sources:
 
V for Vendetta graphic novel by Alan Moore - Thank you to yodaskid on YouTube for reading the entire novel with images. 
V for Vendetta (film)
 
V for Vendetta wiki
Vforvendetta.fandom.com
 
Alan Moore talks - 01 - V For Vendetta. Livestreaming. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QX7ehbE1vc0&ab_channel=Livestreaming 
 
Selected bits from V for Vendetta (2006)
 
Music:
Scorching Action by Jon Presstone
Tension in the Dark by Jon Presstone
Gnosienne by Eric Satie performed by Neil Cross and Raighes Factory
Introitus by Michele Nobler
1 Minute Suspense Cinematic Dark Ambient Riser Build Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
"Hun Dun" - Hard Trap Beat by C.j. Harris

Haiti's Tonton Macoute & Papa Doc

The Tonton Macoute was a secret police force established by Haitian physician and dictator, Francois Duvalier, better known as Papa Doc. The Macoute brutalized the Haitian people and hijacked the country’s Vodou traditions to invoke fear of a mythical bogeyman. We’re going to go through the history of Haiti: how it was found by Europeans, the slave trade, the types of crops cultivated in Haiti, slave rebellion, and of course the secret police. 
We’re going to find out how Papa Doc got into power. Who led the Tonton Macoute through its years of activity? Why did Papa Doc find it necessary to establish such a brutal institution? And how close was this regime to the US government?
Empires Podcast the Ottomans hosted by Frank:
https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/empires-podcast-the-ottomans/id1439365965
 
Sources:
Perspectives in History Podcast. Haitian Revolution (series). 
Real Dictators. Papa Doc (series). Noiser Podcasts. August 2020.
Christopher Columbus: Bad Explorer, Great Conman. Biographics. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pe9_FAANig8&t=143s&ab_channel=Biographics 
A Tale of Two Islands. Hoser. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U67cf6VDhXM&ab_channel=hoser 
 
State Areas
https://wisevoter.com/state-rankings/states-by-area/#:~:text=Alaska%2C%20the%20largest%20state%2C%20covers,state%2C%20boasts%20163%2C695%20square%20miles. 
 
Vodou: Haiti's African-Derived Religion. ReligionForBreakfast. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VofAQYxcHHY&ab_channel=ReligionForBreakfast 
 
Vodou, Serving the Spirits. Harvard University. The Pluralism Project. 2020. /https://hwpi.harvard.edu/files/pluralism/files/vodou-serving_the_spirits_0.pdf 
 
The Origins of the Zombie, from Haiti to the U.S. | Monstrum. Storied. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KIGmsxBMnjA&ab_channel=Storied 
Stannard, David E. (October 14, 1993). "American holocaust : the conquest of the New World". New York: Oxford University Press – via Internet Archive.
 
Thornton, Russel (1987). American Indian holocaust and survival : a population history since 1492. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-8061-2074-4.
 
Churchill, Ward, A Little Matter of Genocide: Holocaust and Denial in the Americas, 1492 to the Present, City Lights, 1997, 381 pages, p. 86, ISBN 978-0-87286-323-1
 
Sheri P. Rosenberg, "Genocide Is a Process, Not an Event," Genocide Studies and Prevention 7, 1 (April 2012): 16–23. © 2012 Genocide Studies and Prevention. doi: 10.3138/gsp.7.1.16
 
David Moshman (2007) Us and Them: Identity and Genocide, Identity: An International Journal of Theory and Research, 7:2, p. 125, DOI: 10.1080/15283480701326034,
 
Alexander Laban Hinton, "Critical Genocide Studies," Genocide Studies and Prevention 7, 1 (April 2012): 4–15. © 2012 Genocide Studies and Prevention. doi: 10.3138/gsp.7.1.4, p. 11
 
Keegan, William F., "Destruction of the Taino" in Archaeology. January/February 1992, pp. 51–56.
 
Grenke, Arthur. God, greed, and genocide: The Holocaust through the centuries. NewAcademia Publishing, LLC, 2005. pp. 141–143, 200.
 
Rosenbaum, Alan S. Is the Holocaust unique?: perspectives on comparative genocide. Routledge, 2018. p. 302.
 
Donald Bloxham, A. Dirk Moses, The Oxford Handbook of Genocide Studies, OXFORD UNIVERSITY press, 2010, p. 310.
 
Norman M Naimark, Genocide a world history , OXFORD UNIVERSITY press, 2017, p. 39.
 
Jones, Adam. 2006. Genocide: a comprehensive introduction. London: Routledge. pp. 108–111.
 
Dr. Mu-Kien Adriana Sang (1999). Dr. Mu-Kien Adriana Sang (ed.). Historia Dominicana: Ayer y Hoy (in Spanish). SUSAETA Ediciones Dominicanas. pp. 78–79, 81.
 
The Dictator’s Handbook. Bruce Bueno De Mesquita & Alaster Smith. 2011.
 
The Haitian Revolution. A Documentary History. David Geggus.
 
Feature History - Haitian Revolution (Parts 1 & 2). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9KbN5EFajk&ab_channel=FeatureHistory 
 
A Super Quick History of Haiti. Mr History. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S-XZLYGlLBA&ab_channel=MrHistory 
 
Yaws Disease. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/25011-yaws 
 
FOREIGN RELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES, 1958–1960, AMERICAN REPUBLICS, VOLUME V. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1958-60v05/d309 
 
Juang, R. M., & Morrissette, N. (2008). Africa and the Americas : culture, politics, and history : a multidisciplinary encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO.
 
Secretary of Legation Davis to the Secretary of State. Department of State, Washington, January 12, 1916. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1916/d352#:~:text=Since%201886%E2%80%94when%20General%20Salomon,and%20six%20driven%20from%20office. 
 
Florida Department of State. Division of Corporations. https://search.sunbiz.org/Inquiry/corporationsearch/SearchResultDetail?inquirytype=EntityName&directionType=ForwardList&searchNameOrder=HEMOCARIBBEAN%203681800&aggregateId=domp-368180-f7bebe83-4e09-4b58-8d66-efad7640d000&searchTerm=HEMMER%20&listNameOrder=HEMOCARE%20L410570 
 
Transatlantic Slave Trade Data
https://www.un.org/en/observances/decade-people-african-descent/slave-trade#:~:text=For%20over%20400%20years%2C%20more,darkest%20chapters%20in%20human%20history.  
 
Alan Whicker meets Papa Doc 1969. Chatham43. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMAbmaNHSoM&ab_channel=chatham43 
Sugar cane and milling
 
Mastering Sugar Cane Cultivation: Easy Steps to Grow and Harvest Sugarcane in Your Home Garden! California Gardening. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpnWyB-KLXg&ab_channel=CaliforniaGardening
 
How Sugar is Made. Factora. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L-MJORaNkSQ&t=214s&ab_channel=Factora 
 
How to Make Best Sugar from Sugar Cane? 龙梅梅Longmeimei. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iqG6VDoRPQ&t=528s&ab_channel=%E9%BE%99%E6%A2%85%E6%A2%85Longmeimei 
 
Music:
Scorching Action by Jonathan Margrove
Blood Kiss by Hainbach - Topics
Sneaky Snitch by Kevin MacLeod 
The Vastness by Amber Waldron
Kalahari Wind by Humans Win
Cinematic Ambient Orchestral Drama Trailer by MEDIA MUSIC GROUP
Tension In The Dark by Jon Presstone
Dramatic Investigation by Jon Presstone
Exploring The Possibility by Jon Presstone
Gnossienne No. 1 by Erik Satie 
 

The FSB DOES NOT want you to hear this ft. Kristaps Andrejsons

A conversation with Latvian journalist, and host of the Eastern Border podcast, Kristaps Andrejsons. We recap the Russian secret police series while Kristaps provides his unique perspective on my show, Soviet times, and the future of Russian security services. Please check out Kristaps' show: https://theeasternborder.lv
Aquarius by Viktor Suvorov: https://www.amazon.com/Aquarium-career-defection-Soviet-military/dp/0241115450 Secret Police IG: https://www.instagram.com/secretpolicepodcast/
YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsC0ajH6e2ko0wYGEhklbog 
 
Thanks for listening!